The main stringed instruments in Sri Lanka.

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 The main stringed instruments in Sri Lanka





  • Kandiyan drum (Gataberaya)

kandyan drum is a Sri Lankan musical instrument and is one of the most important instruments in the Kandyan dance tradition. This is known by the specific names of Gati Bera, Gata Bera, Kandyan Bera and Magul Bera.  This drum is turned out of wood from Ehela, Jak, Kohomba and Milla trees. There are sathara bijakshara here. That is  thath, jith, thon, nan.




  • Low Country Drum (yak bera)

Low Country Drum This is a Sri Lankan instrument.  Also known as the yak drum, the Goshaka drum, the dewol drum, and the dik drum, it is one of the most important instruments in the low country dance tradition. It is cylindrical in shape and this is why it is called the Dhik Beraya. The name Goshaka Beraya is given to this drum because of its loud, bass sound. It is made from kitul, coconut, kohomba, ehela or milla wood. It is also used for low country traditional dances and for low country peace ceremonies such as Devolmadu.


  • Dawul drum (sabaragamu beraya)

This is one of the most important instruments used in the Sabaragamuwa dance tradition of Sri Lanka and is called the Dawul Beraya. This is an instrument unique to Sri Lanka. If the instrument is special, One face of the Daula is played with a stick known as a Kadippu, and the other by hand. Today it is also widely used for heavisi in Sri Lanka. This dawul drum has also been used in the past in cases such as ana bera, rana bera, mala bera.



  • thammattam drum( pokuru beraya)

The Thammattama consists of two separate pieces. It is called the Pokuru Beraya and is also referred to as the cluster of drums. This twinset of drums are of different sizes. As this is a twinset, it is termed "Ubhayatala'. The top side is covered with cattle hide and the body turned out of wood from Milla, Kohomba, Jak and Ehela trees. The left side produces low pitched tones while the right produces high pitched tones. These drums are played with two special sticks fashioned out of Kirindi.  They are called kadippu. The Thammattama is an essential instrument during religious services at Buddhist temples and shrines




  • Udakki drum 

The Udekkiya is a very handy drum predominantly used during Kandyan rituals and folk dances. It is played with one hand while handling and controlling the sound by pressure applied on the string and Sawarama with the other. Various types of wood such as Handun, Jak, Ehela, Gansuriya and Kohomba trees along with metals like silver and brass are used to carve and construct the drums. Wooden structures are gaily decorated with lacquer work. The drum faces are covered with goat, monkey or monitor lizard hide. The length of an Udekki is about 11 inches. The middle is thin and named giriya' or 'gela' which means neck in Sinhalese. The face called "Valayama" is not used to produce sound in this drum.



  • Rabana. (Ath rabana,banku rabana)

 There are two types of drums: Aath drums and Banku drums.  Athrabana is used in drunkenness.  Sri Lankan villagers are accustomed to playing Banku Rabana on Sinhala New Year.  Sweet ribbon padha is played here.










  • Bummadiya

  This is a unique product that is unique to Sri Lanka.  In order to relieve the fatigue of harvesting, this is played in the threshing floor and poems are sung.  This is created by using a skin on a pot-like clay pot.






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